项目名称：“三重桌”纳福胡同13号

　　项目地点：中国北京

　　项目类型：办公室、工业厂房改造

　　建筑面积：500平方米

　　业主单位：北京冶金设备自动化研究所

　　建筑设计：PMA设计事务所

　　主持设计师：王川

　　设计团队：许怡然、刘泽宇、潘子其、刘怡雯、张晓宇、Marco Dambrogio、王余汀、陈雪琪

　　机电顾问：北京天恒凯锐起重机械有限公司

　　建造商：北京东赋天下装饰有限公司

　　设计及施工周期：2014

　　摄影师：赵俊、瞿平山、陈佳婧

　　摄像：Andrea Cadioli

　　“三重桌”项目是PMA设计事务所为自己设计的新办公室，位于北京东城区二环内的纳福胡同13号院北京冶金设备自动化研究所。该项目地理位置优越，附近有包括嵩祝寺及智珠寺两寺合一的喇嘛庙、皇城根遗址公园、南锣鼓巷、景山公园、玉河遗址在内的多个文化遗址。此地在清代乾隆时称内府大街，民国初年京兆尹将“内府”谐音为“纳福”，取吉祥之意。建国后1956年公司合营，纳福胡同13号院成立北京铜丝厂，后1978年成立北京冶金设备自动化研究所。院内整体建筑风格为典型的红砖墙厂房，包括主院北楼、南楼以及南院配楼，本项目所在场地位于主院北楼首层，占地500平方米，内部空间开敞，拥有3.75米的层高和6米×6米的柱网，其现有框架结构为后期改造提供了良好的基础。新的办公空间设计为PMA+Plasma及东西跨界设计研究中心共同使用。

　　The "Triple Layer Table" Project, a new office designed by PMA (PolyMorphArchitects) for themselves, is located in Beijing Institute of Metallurgical Equipment Automation, Nafu Hutong Courtyard No.13, 2nd Ring, Dongcheng District, Beijing. The project is well located with several cultural sites nearby, including the lamasery of Songzhu Temple and Zhizhu Temple, Huangchenggen Ruins Park, South Luogu Lane, Jingshan Park and Yuhe Relic Site. In the Qing Dynasty, during the reign of Emperor Qianlong, it was called Neifu Street. In the early years of the Republic of China, it was renamed by Jing Zhao Yin as the homophonic "Nafu", a name implies auspicious meaning. After the founding of the People's Republic of China, in 1956, Beijing Copper Wire Factory was established in Nafu Hutong Courtyard No.13, and in 1978, Beijing Institute of Metallurgical Equipment Automation was established here. The overall architectural style in this yard is of a typical red-brick factory building, including the north and south buildings in the main yard, and the subsidiary building in the south yard. The project is located on the first floor of the north building, covering an area of 500 square meters. The interior is spacious, with a height of 3.75 meters and a column grid of 6×6 meters. The existing frame structure provides a good foundation for the later renovation. The new office space is designed for use by PMA+Plasma studio and the West- East Crossboundry Design Research Center.

　　项目区位图Project location map

　　改造前照片Before renovation
 

　　办公室所在的院子The courtyard where the office is located

　　©瞿平山 Pingshan Qu

改造后的办公室轴测图Axonometric drawing of the office after renovation

　　让灵感自由生长的办公区域

　　An office space for inspiration to grow freely

　　开放办公区的设计手法以保留本身工业建筑痕迹为主要目标，减少过多色彩和装饰。在当前这个多信息时代，人们每天通过各种渠道主动或被动地接受了过剩性信息，相形之下，一个平静和自由的空间可能会更好地给予设计师培育灵感的土壤。开放办公区地面采用混凝土自流平，除了对现有结构柱进行简单处理外不做冗余装饰，刻意保留的屋顶原有斑驳纹理，自然彰显出该建筑原有的工业属性。两个通高书架和整面软木展示墙引导了人视线的焦点，置于过道尽端的开放工作台为设计师自由讨论与制作模型提供了空间。

　　The open office design mainly aims to preserve the traces of industrial architecture and avoid excessive colors and decorations. In this information overload age, people, actively or passively, receive excess information through various channels every day. A calm and free space may better give designers the soil to cultivate inspiration. The floor of open office area is recovered by self-leveling concrete. In addition to the simple treatment of existing structural columns, there is no unnecessary decoration. The original mottled texture of the roof is deliberately retained, which naturally highlights the original industrial attributes of the building. The full-height bookshelves and full-display cork walls guide the focus of sight, and the open workbench at the end of the corridor provides space for designers to discuss and make models freely.

开放的办公区域Open office space

©赵俊 Jun Zhao

　　办公室局部A corner of the office

　　©赵俊 Jun Zhao

办公室的模型摆放区Model display area in the office

©陈佳婧 Jiajing Chen

　　让人放松的开放式厨房及室外小院

　　Relaxing open kitchen and outdoor courtyard

　　厨房空间原来是铜丝厂的材料堆放室，夹在建筑北侧外墙和仅仅两米之隔的胡同之间，是一个附属于主建筑之外的现状加建。设计策略上保留了一半加建的部分，并将室内隔墙局部性打开形成开放式厨房，另一半拆除后形成一个小型的室外院落。整个厨房区域在材料上使用耐候钢板和清水混凝土，唤起人们对旧工业建筑的历史印象。翻新的屋顶上增设有两个大型天窗以补偿北侧采光不足，连通室内和厨房的窗台上也设置有钢板，成为大家临时小饮的吧台。此外，放弃了常规的预制整体厨房，原创设计的多边形洗手池在功能和造型之间找到了平衡。在去除屋顶后创造出来的小院地面铺上了和建筑外表皮一样的红砖，并栽种了来自胡同修剪废弃的梧桐树枝，设计师在工作之余可以在这里休憩身心并感受到胡同里飘来的市井烟火与民生喧嚣，宛如一个旧工业建筑和胡同间对话的连通器。

　　The kitchen space, originally a material storage room of the copper wire factory, sandwiched between the building's northern exterior wall and a lane just two meters apart, was an addition to the main building. Strategically, we retained half of the added part and partially opened the interior partition to form an open kitchen, while the other half was removed to form a small outdoor yard. The use of weatherproof steel plates and fair-faced concrete throughout the kitchen area evokes a historical impression of old industrial buildings. Two large skylights are added to the refurbished roof to compensate daylight on the north side. Steel plates are also installed on the windowsill connecting the interior and the kitchen, making it a temporary drinking bar. In addition, we gave up the conventional prefabricated integral kitchen, with the originally designed polygonal hand washing sinks balancing functionality with style. In the yard created after removing the roof, the ground is paved with red bricks like the facade of the building and planted with discarded phoenix tree branches from the hutong. Designers can rest here after work and feel the hustle and bustle of daily life in the alley. It is like a connector between the old industrial building and the hutong.

厨房空间Kitchen space

©赵俊 Jun Zhao

多边形洗手池Polygonal hand washing sinks

©赵俊 Jun Zhao

室外小院一角A corner of the yard

©瞿平山 Pingshan Qu

　　极致可变的“三重桌”多功能空间

　　Extremely changeable "Triple Layer Table" multi-functional space

　　由于整个空间是设计给有着紧密联系而又有着各自特定使用诉求的三个团队共同使用，因此如何在一个有限的空间内实现多重功能的复合性使用成为了一个关键性问题。基于这个原初需求，“三重桌”多功能空间成为了整个设计的重心。首先利用两片3米高的玻璃推拉隔断将整个多功能空间和开放办公区分开，同时在中间梁下设置了3扇通高的旋转门，使得多功能区在必要的时候可以被隔离为两个相对独立的空间来使用。同时不再仅仅将设计讨论停留在室内层面，而是将事务所一直以来在景观都市主义和复合城市中关于混合用地的思考引入其中，采用多变的空间来应对现代城市化进程下的多功能需求，一系列不同的空间组合形态覆盖映射了城市功能中的办公、商业、居住这三个主要类型。

　　Since the whole space is designed for three closely related teams with their own specific use needs, it is critical to realize the composite use of multiple functions in a limited space. Based on this requirement, "Triple Layer Table" multi-functional space has become the core of the whole design. The multi-functional space is separated from the open office space by two 3-meter-high glass sliding partitions, and three full-height rotating doors are set under the middle beam, so that the multi-functional space can be separated into two relatively independent spaces when necessary. At the same time, we no longer just stay indoors in the design discussion, but bring in PMA's long-standing thinking on mixed land use in Landscape Urbanism and combinatory city, using changeable space to meet the multi-functional needs in the modern urbanization process. A series of different spatial combination forms map three major types of urban functions: office, business and residence.
 

“三重桌”拆解图

Exploded axonometric drawing of the "Triple Layer Table"

　　“三重桌”的实体界面主要包括三个部分：玻璃材质的核心桌面、外侧木质环状大桌面、可沿轨道滑动的桌腿，而这三个界面也构成了三个主要使用场景：

　　玻璃材质的核心桌面——办公

　　中间的钢化玻璃桌面主要承载了画图、小组讨论、模型制作等核心的设计工作室日常，这一办公性功能也是该空间最常用的使用形态。

　　外侧木质矩环形大桌面——商业

　　将两侧的矩环形桌面通过悬索调整到合适高度后，该空间可以为会议、评图和讲座等活动提供适宜的空间。对于需要满足更多人参加的大型活动，则可以将会议室和多功能室之间的三面旋转隔断门打开，将两个空间联通起来进行一体化使用。

　　可沿轨道滑动的桌腿——休闲

　　桌腿被设计成带有滚轮的长方体，其既是桌面的支撑构件，亦可在桌面升起后作为展台使用，并且在桌腿内设计有隐藏的储藏空间，方便物品收纳。在展览和聚会时，升到半空的玻璃桌面则可以作为核心展台或者酒水架使用。周末和下班后，配合轻质球台或球网还可以开展乒乓球、羽毛球、瑜伽等体育休闲活动。

　　The "Triple Layer Table" mainly consists of 3 parts physically: the core table top made of glass, the large circular table top made of wood on the outside, and the table legs that can slide along the tracks, which also constitute the 3 main usage scenarios:

　　The core table top made of glass – Office
　　The tempered glass table top in the middle mainly carries the daily routine of the design studio such as drawing, group discussion and model making. The office function is also the most common usage of this space.

　　The large circular wood table top on the outside – Commerce
　　After adjusting the circular wood table top to an appropriate height through suspension cables, it can provide a suitable space for activities such as meetings, design reviews and seminars. For large events that require more people to participate in, the three-sided rotating partition doors between the conference room and the multi-function room can be opened to connect the two spaces.

　　Table legs that can slide along the tracks – Leisure
　　The legs are designed as cuboids with wheels, which are not only the supporting components of the table, but also can be used as a booth after the rise of the table top. They also have hidden storage spaces inside for easy storage. During exhibitions and parties, the glass table top raised in the air can be used as a core booth or wine rack. At weekends or after work, sports and leisure activities such as table tennis， badminton and yoga are available here with light tables or nets.

从办公区看“三重桌”多功能空间

The "Triple Layer Table" multi-functional space seen from the office area

©赵俊 Jun Zhao

三面旋转的墙体保证了空间联通的可能性

The three rotating wall ensures the possibility of spatial connection

©赵俊 Jun Zhao

桌面升起可提供开敞空间，将会议室转换为活动室

The raised table tops provide a wide space that transforms the meeting room into an activity room

©赵俊 Jun Zhao

　　在“三重桌”的机械设计上，建筑师与工程师紧密合作。三重桌的整个机械装置固定在一组井字形的钢梁上，主钢梁通过牛腿固定在建筑结构梁上。两个功率为1.2千瓦的电动钢丝提升机为装置提供动力，每部提升机对应4个特殊位置的滑轮，精心设计的滑轮组可以独立引导两重桌面进行升降。为最小化提升机拉绳带来的视觉影响，在尝试了多种材料后选择了直径仅为两毫米的镀锌钢丝绳作为牵引材料。此外，如何保持钢丝的拉力也是一个关键问题。钢丝绳具有强度高、韧性好、直径小的优势，但因材料自身存在的内部张力，在缺乏外部压力的情况下极易弹出提升机滚轮。最终设计了一套利用弹簧和重锤的相互作用以持续保持钢丝绳拉力的特殊装置来解决这一问题，并将其和隐藏在桌面下的可拆卸装置结合，使“三重桌”的机械装置达到了可随时拆卸的效果，并且最小化了对使用者的视觉影响。

　　Architects worked closely with engineers on the mechanical design of the “Triple Layer Table”. The entire mechanism of the Triple Layer Table is fixed on a set of #-shaped steel beams, with the main steel beams fixed to the building structure beams by corbels. The device is powered by 2 1.2 kw electric wire hoist, each corresponding to 4 special position pulleys, and a well-designed pulley block can independently guide the lifting of the 2 table tops. To minimize the visual impact brought by the hoist rope, after experimenting with a variety of materials, we chose a galvanized wire with a diameter of only 2mm. In addition, how to maintain the tension of the wire rope is a key issue. Wire rope has the advantages of high strength, good toughness and small diameter, but due to the internal tension of the material itself, it is easy to go out of the hoist block when lack of external pressure. Finally, we designed a special set of devices that utilize the interaction of spring and counter weight to maintain the tension of the wire rope continuously, and combined it with the detachable device hidden under the table top to make the mechanical device of the Triple Layer Table detachable at any time and minimize its visual impact on users.

　　“三重桌”装置工程图 "Triple Layer Table" installation engineering drawing

　　https://v.qq.com/x/page/s09388sbm01.html

　　“三重桌”使用视频Video of "Triple Layer Table" use© Andrea Cadioli